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speech Steinmeier calls for "60 Years of Israel"

Speech by Federal Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier in the debate in the German Bundestag, "60 Years of Israel"
Mr. President, I greatly respected ladies and gentlemen,

did 60 years ago, the citizens of the newly founded state of Israel its first passports in hand. These passports had a special feature. They carried the note: This passport is valid in all countries except Germany. - That was 60 years ago. Two and a half months we were nine members of the federal cabinet with our Israeli counterparts at the joint memorial at Yad Vashem. I have known: That was one of the most moving Moments in my political life.

lie between this restriction notice that I have spoken, and the German-Israeli government consultations, two and a half months 60 years and 60 years of work by representatives of Israeli and German politics, but also 60 years of work by citizens. Academics and trade unionists were the ones who have established the first contacts in civil society level between Germany and Israel.

Today, 43 years after the establishment of diplomatic relations, our relations with Israel as varied and rich in content as with almost any other country in the world. Israel, Germany is now one of his closest allies and friends, a development that we must certainly meet with gratitude.

However - many have pointed out - we have to accept most, if Amos Oz writes:

No normalization. Normal relations between Germany and Israel are not possible and appropriate. have brought

The Shoah, the murder of millions, the immense suffering, the German on German and other Europeans of Jewish faith, is part of our history. The daily reminder and the daily confrontation with the Holocaust, racism, and even with anti-Semitism with us is therefore part of our present and will and must remain part of our future. Therefore be up our relations with Israel forever be a special relationship.

What does this mean but today, 60 years after the founding of Israel? For me, this leads to three key tasks for German foreign policy: The first task - have all said - is the commitment to the existence and the security of the State of Israel. That must be a constant of German foreign policy. This in fact is also the talk of the Iranian President to counter again. His denial of the Holocaust is as unbearable as the questioning Israel's existence. For this purpose, there must be clear messages.

Ladies and gentlemen, to support for Israel is in my opinion, but something else. I quote again Amos Oz:

What Israel needs most of all, is an emotional
is insurance. Because we feel like outlaws cursed and hated
. Such support would cost a penny, only
empathy. This one does not agree with Israeli policy
. But a European sympathy for the plight of Israel today
the moderates and doves could help.

thought in these words of Amos Oz, I personally sometimes something inexpensive way in which we from our European wing chair with clever commentary on the Middle East peace process and garnish judge our frustration at lack of progress with smart advice for Israel.

You do not in fact agree with any suggestion of Israeli policy, and where there is dissent, speak openly about it. But my experience also indicate that a critical word is the easier, or perhaps accepted only if it is from a friend who is really understanding and empathy for the predicament - many have rightly spoken of a threat - the other has and shows.

The second contract for German foreign policy, I see that our bilateral relations even closer design and develop future-oriented. In the Government consultation two and a half months we have opened a new chapter. New fields of cooperation have been agreed and will be processed. Above all, the German-Israeli Future Forum will get underway this year. It is a young generation offer prospects for cooperation in economy, culture and science.

The third important issue, which arises from the special nature of relations between Germany and Israel, is our commitment to peace in the Middle East. The responsibility for the past - I have this morning also been heard in many speeches - is in fact a driving force for this commitment Germany in the Middle East and must remain so.

We know that implementation of the two-state solution, all partners will require difficult compromises. We also know - at least we should know - that we required for this determination and vision of Europe can not replace.

But we can help with work on the environment. This we have through reviving the Middle East Quartet, by advertising that the Arab states are included, and this done, that we have in the past year brought an EU Action Strategy for the Middle East on the way to improve I mentioned conditions.

This classic diplomacy one of them, but in my view, the situation in the Middle East, all in just yet everything. Who is speaking in Ramallah, Jericho, Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, the people will find two things: both the desire for peace and the disillusionment with the failed attempts at a solution in decades, are now everywhere.

This means, in my view that we need to feel even more strongly held to work on concrete measures and to feel the people in the region that the path to peace is worthwhile. We do this through many measures that I will not list them all.

These include the large international Conference on Security in Palestine, on 24 June will be held here in Berlin. At this conference we want to create the conditions so that the international community to provide its contribution, that Palestine can accept responsibility for its own security.

Why do I say that? I say this because we are guided in all of this with the knowledge that more security in Palestine ultimately means more security for Israel.

Mr. Minister, I am pleased that the Israeli government is such that the reaction of the Israeli side to the convening of this conference was positive.

On Saturday I will become one of my eighth trip to the Middle East to leave, to Beirut, Jerusalem and Ramallah. The - I want to say - Middle Eastern sky has brightened slightly. I am pleased that the crisis in Lebanon by the Arab League mediation failed to resolve.

The election of new Lebanese president may now create the conditions that preceded the rebuilding of functioning state institutions in Lebanon. I am also pleased that held indirect talks between Israel and Syria.

The Turkish foreign minister to us, when he will be in Berlin tomorrow, learn about the progress of these talks. This follows the conviction that it is comprehensive and lasting peace in the Middle East be more difficult without the involvement of partners, particularly without the involvement of Syria, probably not. I understand the signals from the region are such that one has to operate with both sides trust.

We want Israel and its people for the 60th Anniversary of the founding of one thing: peace, a peace that the people deserve, a peace that requires our review. From the responsibility for the past obligation arises for the future.

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Sergei Lavrov Middle East conference in Moscow

Moscow's Middle East conference must not be postponed

LONDON, 02 May (RIA Novosti). Moscow's Middle East conference must not be delayed for a long time.
The Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said in his opinion on the results of the meetings on the Middle East to the press in London.
He added that Russia was ready to implement the conference. But the consent of all major participants was necessary.

"Our Israeli partners doubt that this must be done quickly, and expressed the opinion that one must consider and determine the optimal deadlines," said Lavrov.
He indicated that the issue of the Moscow conference at the meetings on the Middle East in London had been discussed. According to him, all show Arab countries and the Palestinian side great interest for this conference.

"The European Union advocates that they convene as soon as possible. The Secretary-General and the U.S. has a positive attitude to this idea, "said the Russian foreign minister.
on the restoration of Palestinian unity in depth, Lavrov stressed that all aspects of the situation does not in and around the Gaza Strip could be solved without solving this problem.
"The efforts of our Egyptian colleagues, Yemen and the Russian Federation on coordination of the conditions addressed to restore unity in which these could, "he said.
The Minister pointed out that Russia is looking into contacts with Hamas, the head of the Palestinian National Authority, Mahmoud Abbas, and Arab countries for ways to solve this issue. According to Lavrov's words

Moscow is convinced that any agreements between Israel and Palestine without a solution to this problem will not be sufficiently effective.

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chronology of the Middle East conflict

From 1882 to 1903 First wave of immigration (aliyah) of 30,000 mostly Russian Jews to Palestine. Many of them walk a short time later due to the harsh living conditions again.
1896 proposes Theodor Herzl in his book "The Jewish State "to establish a Jewish state before.
1897 the first Zionist Congress in Basel will bring the creation of a "homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine" to the program.
1905-1914 second wave of immigration of about 40,000 Jews mostly from Eastern Europe.

1909 groundbreaking ceremony of Tel Aviv on 11 April, First kibbutz 'Degania. promote

1915 epistolary declaration of the British High Commissioner McMahon to King Hussein, an Arab independence and the establishment of an Arab state in order to win the support of Arabs in the First World War.

1917 in the Balfour Declaration is on 2 November the Jews from the British a "national home" in Palestine promised.

1917-1918 The army of the Ottoman Empire is defeated by Great Britain, Palestine was occupied by the British.

7th November 1918 Anglo-French declaration to the peoples of Palestine, Syria and Iraq, a total exemption and "freely elected national governments" guarantee.

gets England in 1920 by the League of Nations mandate over the territories of present-day Jordan, Israel and Palestine, which were previously well as the surrounding countries have been part of the Ottoman Empire.

is 1923, the Mandate of divided, the land is east of the Jordan River to the Emirate of Transjordan.

in 1929 at the height of unrest between the Arab and Jewish population in Palestine, the Jewish community in Hebron victims of a massacre. 67 Jews died, including women and children. The survivors were evacuated.

makes 1937 a British Commission a proposal to divide Palestine into a smaller Jewish and a larger Arab part. The Jews are not accepted by the Arabs.

22nd July 1946 attack by the late Prime Minister Menachem Begin led the Irgun terrorist organization on the Jerusalem King David Hotel, headquarters of the British General Staff, in which 91 people were killed.

1947 on 29 November the UN General Assembly decides by 33 votes to 13 with 10 abstentions (Res. 181) that the 609 000 Jews of Palestine, 30.6% of the population, receive 55% of the soil, while the 1.38 million Palestinian Arabs, 69.4% of the population, 42% of the country will be awarded (see UN partition plan for Palestine). The Arab states, the Arab League and the Palestinian "Arab High Committee," are opposed to the division from then.

1948 five Arab countries attack Israel immediately after the founding of the state of (Israeli War of Independence), but from Israel repulsed. 750,000 Arab Palestinians become refugees by the war. (See the Palestinian refugee problem), its property and land confiscated by Israel. Same time, 750,000 Jews were expelled from Arab countries and flee destitute to Israel where they were integrated as citizens. This mutual expulsion of non-combatants lay the foundation for the conflict to civil war level.

1956 Suez crisis. Conflict of France, England and Israel with Egypt

Yasser Arafat founded in 1959 along with three other Palestinian students Fatah (Harakat al-Tahrir at-Filastin - Movement for the Liberation of Palestine) which is the "armed struggle to liberate Palestine" to the program makes. It intervenes in the following years of Gaza and West Bank from Jordanian civilian targets in Israel.

1964 at the initiative of the Arab League, the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) was founded in the Jordanian East Jerusalem with the two fundamental goals of Arab unity and the liberation of Palestine. Zionism is seen as a colonialist movement. First Chairman of the Palestinian diplomat Ahmed Schukairi.

1967 Six-Day War: Egypt closes the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping, troops move on Israel's border and warned the UN troops in front of a forthcoming soon Attack. Israel responds with a preemptive strike, pushed back the Arab forces occupied and administered by Jordan, the West Bank, Egypt's Sinai Peninsula and Gaza Strip administered by Egypt. In the following years, Israel begins to colonize the territories systematically. The UN Security Council Resolution 242 of the UN Security Council declared the acquisition of territory by war is inadmissible and calls for Israel to withdraw from occupied on (not all or) areas. They also called for the political independence of every State in the region and the right, within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats to life or violence. The complete defeat in the Six-Day War and Expulsions and perceived humiliation (such as the Suez crisis) promote Islamism by the Muslims concentrate more strongly on their religion and radicalize.

1969 Fatah and PLO unite during the 5th Palestinian National Congress

1970 After a rebellion against the Government of Jordan (Black September), the PLO expelled from Jordan and is in Lebanon.

1973 Yom Kippur War: Egypt and Syria to achieve first initial military successes, but are then forced back by Israel. Parts of the Sinai are recaptured, and Sadat stopped the attack only after intervention of the U.S., while Israeli troops to Damascus stand. Through the oil export stop it comes to the oil crisis. Sadat succeeds the containment of Islamism by the demonstration of Arab strength.

was in 1977 after the Yom Kippur War Israel's weakness became clear proposes Anwar as-Sadat in a position of relative strength out of a meeting with Menachem Begin in front, from 19 - 21 November takes place and prepare the peace agreement at Camp David 1978th

1978 Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat sign the Camp David peace agreement, negotiated by Jimmy Carter. The Palestinian side is committed to nonviolence, while the Israeli side of one end of the municipal building and the withdrawal from the occupied territories appeals.

1980 By law, Israel annexed in July, the conquered East Jerusalem in the Six Day War and declared Jerusalem the "eternal" and "undivided" capital, which meets in particular in the Arab world in protest.

1981 Anwar Sadat is assassinated in Cairo by Islamists because of the peace agreement at Camp David.

1982 Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula.

1982 Operation Peace for Galilee (Lebanon Campaign): Israel's invasion into Lebanon, siege and capture of Beirut. Expulsion of the PLO to Tunisia. Massacres by Lebanese Christian Phalange militia against the civilian population (Sabra and Shatila).

1987 First activities of Hamas, the outbreak of the first intifada, violent riots in the Israeli occupied zone.

1993 beginning of the Oslo Peace Process: Negotiations between Israel and the PLO. The PLO says violence. Israel assures the establishment of an autonomous Palestinian state. Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat received for this historic step, the Nobel Peace Prize.

1994 The extremist settler Baruch Goldstein in Hebron killed with an assault rifle 29 Muslims praying at the grave of the patriarch, more than 100 injured. Then break out all over the riots, for which 19 Palestinians and five Israelis died.

1995 Yitzhak Rabin on 4 November by the Israeli right-wing extremist Yigal Amir assassinated in Tel Aviv.

1996 After several suicide bombings earlier this year won the critics of the Oslo peace process, Benjamin Netanyahu, Shimon Peres just before the elections and becomes the new prime minister. It quickly becomes clear that it will come under its authority to make any further major steps in the peace process. Following consequent refusal of Israel to evacuate the settlements without inputs, it comes to violent uprisings of Palestinians and attacks on the Palestinian civilian population.

2000 The talks between Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat at Camp David II failed. It comes to the 2 Intifada - the reasons are presented by Israel and the Palestinians is very different.

2001 The conservative politician and former general Ariel Sharon is elected prime minister. The conflict intensified (the Palestinian suicide bombings, killing of leading members of Palestinian resistance groups by the Israelis).

2003 U.S. President George W. Bush presented the roadmap to peace which implies that the Palestinians renounced attacks against Israel and Israel recognizes Palestine as an autonomous state. Israeli troops march again in the short term in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. The Israeli government begins construction of an approximately 720 km long barrier around the West Bank.

2003 elections to the 16th Knesset. The Likud of Ariel Sharon wins the elections, Prime Minister of 28 January. In March, the coalition government under Sharon is sworn. The coalition consists of the following parties: Likud, Shinui, National Religious and National Unity.

2004 The Israeli government begins with the policy of targeted killing of enemies of the State of Israel. The most prominent victim is the spiritual leader and founder of Hamas, Sheikh Ahmed Yasin, the 22 March is killed by a helicopter attack. On 17 April, the Hamas leader Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi killed in the Jasin had called after the assassination, the Arab world to war against Israel. Hamas vows revenge immediately. On 20 September, the Israeli Air Force kill Khaled Abu Selmiya, the commander of the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades. During the year it will also give several high profile activities of the Israeli Army (Operation Rainbow in May, the Day of Atonement in early October). Yasser Arafat died on 11 November in a Paris military hospital.

2005 began in August, the month-long evacuation of all 21 illegally built Jewish settlements in the Gaza Strip and four more in the West Bank by the Israeli army. This led to violent conflict between settlers and Military personnel. About 8,000 people were transferred by this action. Sharon resigns from Likud and founded a new party, Kadima.

2006 The resistance group Hamas wins the elections in the Palestinian territories.
the 28th of the Israeli parliamentary elections March 2006 was founded in 2005 by Ariel Sharon, liberal, politically chosen between Likud and Labor formed Kadima with 28 of the 120 seats the largest party and Ehud Olmert the new prime minister. He stated that they want to continue Sharon's policy and work towards a final demarcation between Israel and the Palestinian territories to do (convergence) plan.
After prolonged Border conflicts between Hamas and Hezbollah with Israel it comes to the war in Lebanon 2006th The Israeli air force is flying attacks on targets of Hezbollah in Lebanon and penetrates with ground troops in southern Lebanon. The Lebanese army is neutral. The conflict ended with a ceasefire and the deployment of the UN protection force UNIFIL.

In June 2007 comes to civil war fighting between militias of the Hamas and Fatah, during which Hamas in complete control of the Gaza Strip reached, while the Fatah gained control of the West Bank. The conflict is also the end of the government of national unity.

2007 on 27 November 2007 will take place in Annapolis an initiated by the U.S. Government International Middle East conference to be hoped the decisive prerequisites for peace in the Middle East.